Street-pavement.



w. mf u. JIA u E j@ MPM/ m. 6 J uw l.; rum N m NM f ...Il w J ma .NoRmscrans co. PNoYuLrrna, WASHINGTON, n. c.

UNITED STATEse PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK J. WARREN, oF NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

STREET-PAVEM ENT.

`SPSECI1=`IC2AUJION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 695,423, datedMarch 11, 1902.

Application filed January 10, 1902. Serial No. 89,164. (No specimens.)

To ctZZ- whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK J. WARREN, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of Newton, in the county of Middlesex and State ofMassachusetts, haveiinvented a new;`

and useful Improvementin Street-Pavements,

act description, referencebeing hadfto theV accompanyingdrawings,fforming a part'of this specification, inexplainingitsinature.

The invention relates to any type of street pavement or roadway which isadapted to be surface-finished in the manner hereinafter in,

support, or thevportion ofitwto which the Y Weariug-surfaceis applied,would'be of a bi#V tuminous nature andwould furnish the principal partof the body of the pavement, or at any rate the upper part thereof, andmy invention has nothing to do with -this portion of the pavement,excepting that in order to.z

use my invention most vsuccessfully it is necessary thatthis part of thepavement should be suitably constructed. To the surface of a pavement soprepared I apply a wearingsurface consisting of a bituminous cementrelatively pure and combined with iron or steel filings, chips, orparticles intimately associated with one or more layers of coatings ofthe bituminous cement. The cement must be in a fluid condition and maybe either hot or cold when applied. lt serves to combine together theiron or steel fragments and to also seal the more or less cellularstructure of the foundation against atmospheric infinences. The natureof the metal particles is such that when combinedA with the cement thereis formedatough, hard, durable water and weather proof surfacingwhichreadily unites with the foundationupon which it is placed and whichpossesses enormous power of resisting wear of traffic, in conjunctionwith great preservative power in protecting the main body of thepavement from the ordinary destructive iniiuences aside from trafficwear to which it is subjected. i

I Will now describe the Invention 1n connection3witl1the drawingsforming a part of f this sfpecificatiomin whichv Figure'lisa'pview.incrossvertical section .of Whichthe following is afull,clear, and ex' fof.l al street-pavement havingthe features off1myinventionf..Fig.2;is afview in vertical section of ,a-'portionvVthereof enlarged.

'ln lthe drawingsV a' conventional pavement lbitu minouscomposition,consisting of asphalt,

coal-tar,or any other similar vehicle combined with Van earthy,concrete, or stony base and in the usual proportions. l This section ofthe pavement is prepared and laid in the ordinary manner and ordinarilywould supply the or dinary or wearing section of the pavement. Apavement of this composition is more or less cellular or filled withpores and to that extent is defective in that it invites attacks fromatmosphericiniuences. ,Tothis section of the pavement :is appliedftheywearing-surface B. This consists of any desired number of coats of fluidbitumen, either hot or cold, as maybe desired, and affixed to the sur'-face of the said section Binany desired man- 4combined therewith and toevenly and uniformlycover it. With' one or more of these coatings ofbitumen l combine iron or steel filings, particles, or fragments in anydesired proportion and so as to make a composition jwhich shall have alarge proportion of its Abody of metal.

This is applied to the surface in the same manner that the othercoatings are applied and may be used without Y them, if desired, and maybe covered by one or more of them, if required. The effect is to producea pavement having a wearing-surface which has the power toresisugitraftic wear which iron or steel may have and's'gapplied to thesupporting-foundation as net1 to expose large pieces or v sections ofthe'metal in an objectionable way, but which so combine as to make acontinuous metal and bituloo tion is maintained and the durability ot'the` entire pavement is very much increased.

I have spoken ofthe use of iron and steel lings, particles, and pieces,and I would say that the same waste of any other metal may be used forthis purpose and that they may be combined with the iron and the steelilings, particles, and pieces, or not, as may be desired, and that theiron may be used apart from the steel,and vice versa,when preferred.

In lieu of mixing the iro'n and steel chips and particles with abituminous cement in ad- Vance of the application ofthe metallizedcoinpound to the surface of the pavement or foundation I would say thatthey may be applied separately to the said pavement or foundationsurface and combined together thereon, in which event there would beapplied the bituminous cement in one or more coatings, and the metalchips or pieces would be spread thereon to any desired thickness orextent and then combined therewith by sweeping, pressure, or othermechanical means and by other coats or coatings of the bituminouscement, and this method of constructing the surface may be continued toany desired extent by the application of subsequent layers or coatingsto the bituminous cement and of the metal chips or pieces until anydesired thickness of wearing surface or body is secured.

In some instances grains of stone, cracked or otherwise, may be combinedwith the metal chips or filings and to any extent desired, so that thewearing-surface would then consist of iron or steel chips and filings,or either, stonygrains orelements, and a combining vehicle of bituminouscement.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim and desire to secureby Letters Patent of the United Statesl. The application to thewearing-surface of a bituminous street-pavement havinga ce1- lular orporous character for the purpose of closing its pores, preserving itslife and increasing its resistance to wear, of a cell and pore sealingcoating of bituminous cement and iron, steel or other metal filings,chips or particles.

2. The application to the Wearing-surface of a bituminousstreet-pavement of a thin coating of bituminous cement applied theretoin a plastic condition and combined while plastic with metal filings,chips or particles and whereby the Wearing-surface is provided withincreased durability.

3. The application to the wearing-surface of a bituminousstreet-pavement of a layer or coating of relatively pure bitumen, alayer or coating of iron, steel or other metal filings,

chips or particles and a bituminous cement intimately commingled and alayer or coatd ing of relatively pure bitumen applied to the surface ofthe metal and bituminous layer.

4. The application to the Wearing-surface of a bituminousstreet-pavementof a coating consisting of a composition of bitumen,stony ingredients and iron or steel filings, chips or particles mingledto form a homogeneous body of stone, metal and bitumen, and whereby thewearing-'surface of the pavement is provided with increased durabilityand also with frictional properties.

FREDERICK J. WARREN.

Witnesses:

F. F. RAYMOND, 2d, J. M. DoLAN.

